Papaya Global Vs Workday – Hiring, Paying & Managing 2024

To attend to these concerns, executing practices and advanced software application… Papaya Global Vs Workday

Paying your workers is an important aspect of running an effective business, directly impacting worker satisfaction and retention. With a selection of payment options available today, consisting of checks, payroll cards, and direct deposits, companies must embrace flexible and versatile payroll procedures that guarantee precision and performance. Prompt and precise payroll management is necessary, as it fulfills diverse payroll requirements, from various payment schedules to worker choices on payment approaches.

Contracting out payroll can provide the needed resources and assistance to create an economical system that aligns with your company’s requirements. In this detailed guide, we’ll check out the very best practices for paying staff members, compare numerous payment methods, and highlight crucial factors to consider for establishing a trustworthy and compliant payroll process. Let’s dive into the essentials of how to pay your employees efficiently.

Defined as monetary deals in which both sides– the payer and the recipient– are located in different countries, cross-border payments allow worldwide trade and globalization. Enhancing them can help global business save costs, reduce regulative and cyber risks, boost visibility and transparency, and ensure compliance.

However, the management of cross-border payments deals with significant difficulties. Research suggests that present practices are frequently inefficient, leading to increased expenses and dead time. Services frequently experience reduced efficiency, greater labor demands, pricey payment fees, and strained relationships with providers due to these ineffectiveness.

, such as a sophisticated global payments system, is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of cross-border payments.

Cross-border payments are used for a range of reasons, such as global trade, international donations, or travel. Here a couple of uses for cross-border payments:

Global trade: Paying for products or services from overseas suppliers, or gathering payments from foreign consumers.
Travel: Acquiring services (e.g. hotels, flights, or tours) throughout worldwide travels
Remittances: Sending out money to relative and buddies abroad
Financial investment: Buying stocks, bonds, and real estate in other nations, and getting profits from those investments.
International donations: Permitting individuals and organizations to donate to charities and nonprofit companies in other countries
Cross-border payment methods
Cross-border payment approaches are essential for facilitating deals between celebrations in different nations. Common cross-border payment approaches include:

this area consists of all our support Basics like the papaya knowledge base where you can find countrys specific details assistance posts to assist you use our platform resources you can use call us and the portal of your demands choose contact us to submit any demand to our group here you can see all the topics such as Labor force payroll payments or funding technical assistance requests connected to your papaya account and

How to Pay Employees – Payroll & Payments

Integrations to send a demand click the pertinent subject and subtopic and a form will open make sure you thoroughly pick the appropriate topic and subtopic to guarantee we direct it to the relevant papaya professional fill the form with as many details as possible to permit us to deal with the demand in a quick and efficient way now that the demand has been sent the papaya group is on it and we’ll update you as quickly as possible if you can not discover an appropriate subject you can always utilize the demand system to submit a demand straight to your account supervisor by clicking contact us at the bottom of the window you will get a notification email on your request’s

 

development if any extra information is needed and completion your demands are readily available for your View utilizing the your request button when selected you will be directed to the papaya demand portal in this portal you can view all requests open through the papaya platform and their status users with a finance supervisor function can view all the demands open for the organization consisting of requests opened by workers through the papaya personal you can communicate with our experts using the website or through the mail all interaction will be offered for seeing on the portal of your demands

Wire transfer
A wire transfer is an electronic transfer of funds from one checking account to another. When utilized for cross-border payments, it includes the movement of funds between accounts held at various banks in different nations. The sender will require information such as the getting bank’s name, address, and bank identifier (routing number, IBAN, or SWIFT code).

Intermediary banks are typically used in cross-border deals, especially those with different currencies, to help in the transfer process from the sender’s bank to the recipient’s bank. The period of a wire transfer’s conclusion may differ based on aspects like the particular banks, the nations of both the sender and recipient, and the existence of intermediary banks.

Both the sender and the recipient may incur fees in wire transfers These charges can include deal charges, currency conversion fees, and intermediary bank costs. Wire transfers are generally considered secure, as they include direct transfers in between banks.

International wire transfers.
This global payment approach can exchange funds instantly however features high service transfer charges of over $50. For a $500 wire transfer, a $50 charge would be 10% of the overall transfer. For considerable transfers, a $50 cost may make more sense.

Generally however, wire transfers are not practical for big transfer volumes due to pricey deal costs. They likewise lack traceability. As routing rules vary from country to nation, wire transfers are not the most efficient solution for international business-to-business (B2B) deals.

elect Staff member Payment Type
Salary Pay
A set kind of payment that is paid routinely to experienced and/or full-time staff members, together with those in managerial roles.

Hourly Pay
When employees are paid hourly for their work. This payment option is frequently provided to unskilled/semi-skilled workers, part-time momentary, or agreement workers.

Commission
Staff members operating in sales frequently deal with commission, a kind of compensation based on a predetermined sales target/quota.

International AHC
Likewise called Worldwide ACH, a global ACH is an easy method to pay abroad suppliers and affiliates. Global ACH payments can be made through different entities, consisting of SEPA, BACS, and banks. They are a cost-efficient and practical option. The downside to Global ACH payments is that it’s time time-intensive. Transfers can take days to process. ACH payments are ideal for large volumes of payment frequently.

What is an Employer of Record? Papaya Global Vs Workday

Companies must have the payee’s International Savings account Number (IBAN) and other account info to complete the process.

Employee Taxes and Reductions Computation
Staff members need to complete some kinds, like the W-4 (which displays how much money to withhold from an employee’s wages for taxes) and an I-9 (verifies the identity of your staff member and work permission), in order for you to process payroll.

Now there’s a couple of actions to determining worker taxes. Initially, you’ll have to determine their gross pay. Estimations differ in between various kinds of workers (hourly, employed, or commission).

To determine an employed employee’s gross pay, take the variety of pay durations in a year and divide it by your employee’s yearly salary.
Then, see if your employee has pre-tax deductions. If so, take the pre-tax deductions and subtract them from gross pay.

Now you calculate the tax withholding from your employee’s profits, that includes federal income taxes, FICA taxes (includes Social Security and Medicare), state and regional earnings taxes (if appropriate), and state-specific taxes. (Keep in mind to also pay company’s taxes on your employees’ income).

Try not to fret about doing math all by yourself, there’s lots of accounting software application out there to do the heavy lifting.

Payroll cards
Payroll cards are prepaid cards released by companies to their workers as a method of paying out salaries. While payroll cards are not naturally design Cross border deal ed for cross-border payments, they can be utilized in a cross-border context when released by international card networks such as Visa and Mastercard.

Payroll cards operate likewise to debit cards; employees can utilize them to make purchases, withdraw cash from ATMs, and perform other financial transactions. If staff members use their payroll card in a nation with a various currency from where it was released, the card may instantly carry out currency conversion at prevailing exchange rates.

While payroll cards can assist in cross-border deals, there are considerations such as foreign transaction fees, currency conversion charges, and restrictions on international usage. Employees ought to know these elements to make educated decisions about utilizing their payroll cards abroad.

International bank draft
A global bank draft is a payment issued by a rely on behalf of the payer. The specific or company getting the bank draft can transfer it at any bank, much like a cashier’s check. It is a common technique for cross-border payments, especially for big transactions such as property purchases, academic tuition payments, or other high-value cross-border transactions where a protected and guaranteed kind of payment is needed.

Usually, a client who needs to make a payment in a foreign currency requests a worldwide bank draft from their bank. The customer pays the equivalent amount in their local currency to the bank, plus any appropriate fees. This amount is utilized to secure the international bank draft.

The bank concerns an international bank draft– a document looking like a check. International bank drafts typically include security functions such as watermarks, holograms, and other measures to prevent forgery and make sure the document’s credibility. The funds are credited to the payee’s account after the draft is cleared.

E-wallets
E-wallets, or electronic wallets, have actually ended up being a popular and convenient cross-border payment technique in the digital era. An e-wallet is a digital account that permits users to store, manage, and transact funds digitally.

Users can develop an account with an e-wallet provider by offering personal info and linking their checking account, credit/debit cards, or other funding sources to the e-wallet. To utilize an e-wallet for cross-border payments, users require to fund their e-wallet accounts. This can be done by transferring money from linked savings account, using credit/debit cards, or receiving transfers from other users.

Lots of e-wallets support several currencies, allowing users to hold balances in different denominations. E-wallets employ different security steps to secure user accounts and transactions. This might consist of two-factor authentication, file encryption, and scams detection systems to ensure the security of funds during cross-border transfers.

Paypal
PayPal is convenient, but there are a few significant downsides: 1. They have high transaction fees 2. There is no policy on how funds are held. One payment could clear instantly, while another of the exact same quality could take numerous days. PayPal payments in between the sender’s and recipient’s wallets might require the recipient to make a transfer to a local savings account.

In 2023, an Opposition, Grey, and Christmas survey discovered that just 1.6% of job seekers transferred for their brand-new position.

According to the survey, these are the most affordable relocation levels for any quarter since 1986, but that does not imply professionals aren’t interested in worldwide movement.

Wakefield Research Study for Graebel Companies Inc reported that 59% of employees said they were more happy to relocate for operate in 2021 than in previous years, with 31% happy to move worldwide.

The gap in relocation numbers and those thinking about moving could be described by company moving policies.

What is a business moving policy?
A relocation policy or a business relocation policy is an employer-sponsored advantage bundle that covers the financial and logistical elements that assist workers effortlessly move for work. Employers might move workers to establish new workplaces to support their growth.

A corporate relocation policy might cover legal, economic, cultural, and interaction aspects.

Employers typically have particular goals they wish to achieve through their business relocation policy. This is different from a work-from-anywhere (WFA) policy, where employees select to work in a different area for personal reasons, such as enhanced happiness or financial factors.

Furthermore, WFA policies do not typically include company-provided benefits, where moving policies may.

With workers happy to move, companies may wish to develop or review their business relocation policies to ensure it contains important aspects that safeguard employers and employees.

A comprehensive moving policy for a company includes various important aspects such as the range who is qualified, the benefits offered, the costs involved, the anticipated return date, and more. Below is an overview of the necessary parts that ought to be detailed:

Purpose and scope: plainly articulates why the policy exists and whom it covers
Eligibility criteria: specifies which employees get approved for relocation assistance
Relocation benefits: describes the assistance and services provided (ex. moving expenditures, real estate help, travel allowances and more).
Cost protection: defines what costs the company covers and any limitations or caps.
Duration of benefits: specifies how long the advantages last post-relocation.
Return responsibilities: information any commitments the staff member need to fulfill if they leave the business after relocation.
Claims: covers how workers can declare moving benefits.
Loss of compensation rights: covers whether employees lose relocation repayment rights throughout termination or voluntary termination.
Non-reimbursable expenses: lists any expenses the employer won’t cover.
Moving support: info the employer supplies on the brand-new area.

Household work assistance: a prepare for how the company will assist staff members’ family members discover work.
Payback: specifies whether workers need to pay the business back if they leave the company within a specific timeframe.

Beyond setting expectations around eligibility, responsibilities, and financial resources, improving a relocation policy supplies extra positive outcomes. Papaya Global Vs Workday

Paper checks.
When an international affiliate can not provide bank routing info, entities can use paper look for global money transfers. Senders will need the payee’s name and address for mailing.Removing failed payments.

One such solution is Papaya Global. The only unified payroll and payments platform, Papaya established the very first technology explicitly created for paying employees across borders: the Workforce Wallet. Supporting all employment categories– payroll, EOR, and specialists– the Labor force Wallet accelerates payment processing by 80%, boasts a 95% same-day delivery rate, and decreases failed payments to less than 0.1%.

Papaya’s success in removing stopped working payments results from decreasing manual processes to the bare minimum. It starts with our AI-powered HCM Cloud Connector. This advanced tool allows customers to incorporate data from any system in an hour (!) and connect it all under one control panel, which functions as the heart of your labor force payments operation.

Our numbers speak louder than words:.

By incorporating payroll and payments into a single system, automation can be achieved from start to finish, resulting in significant time savings and lowered manual labor. The platform allows real-time synchronization of payment info, instantly upgrading modifications such as beneficiary name or address information, consequently eliminating redundant steps, stream need for manual intervention. This integration has actually caused significant improvements, consisting of a 90% decrease in information processing time, a 30% decrease in payroll processing time, and a 95% reduction in manual information synchronization.

LexisNexis Risk Solutions’ Metzger emphasized that in today’s competitive organization environment, companies are looking tactical value of their payments function to enhance capital efficiency at the business level. Improving the performance of workforce payments, which is generally a major cost for the majority of business, is a vital step in this instructions.

Papaya Global Vs Workday – Hiring, Paying & Managing 2024

To deal with these problems, carrying out practices and advanced software… Papaya Global Vs Workday

Paying your staff members is a crucial aspect of running a successful service, straight impacting staff member satisfaction and retention. With a selection of payment alternatives readily available today, including checks, payroll cards, and direct deposits, companies must adopt flexible and adaptable payroll processes that ensure precision and effectiveness. Timely and accurate payroll management is essential, as it fulfills varied payroll requirements, from various payment schedules to staff member preferences on payment techniques.

Outsourcing payroll can offer the needed resources and support to develop a cost-efficient system that lines up with your business’s requirements. In this thorough guide, we’ll check out the best practices for paying staff members, compare various payment methods, and highlight essential factors to consider for setting up a dependable and certified payroll process. Let’s dive into the essentials of how to pay your employees effectively.

Specified as monetary transactions in which both sides– the payer and the recipient– lie in separate countries, cross-border payments allow global trade and globalization. Optimizing them can help worldwide business conserve expenses, alleviate regulative and cyber risks, enhance presence and openness, and ensure compliance.

Nevertheless, the management of cross-border payments faces considerable challenges. Research study suggests that present practices are frequently inefficient, resulting in increased expenses and dead time. Services frequently come across minimized productivity, greater labor needs, expensive payment costs, and strained relationships with suppliers due to these inadequacies.

, such as a sophisticated worldwide payments system, is vital for boosting the effectiveness of cross-border payments.

Cross-border payments are utilized for a range of factors, such as international trade, international donations, or travel. Here a few usages for cross-border payments:

International deals can take numerous types, consisting of importing products or services from foreign providers, exporting products overseas customers, and receiving payment for them. When traveling abroad, people often pay for lodgings, transportation, and activities in. Additionally, individuals frequently send cash to enjoyed ones living countries. Purchasing foreign markets, such as buying securities or home, is another typical cross-border transaction. Furthermore, many people and organizations contributions to causes in other countries. To assist in these deals, different cross-border payment approaches are utilized.

this section includes all our support Fundamentals like the papaya knowledge base where you can find countrys specific info assistance articles to help you utilize our platform resources you can use call us and the website of your requests choose contact us to send any request to our group here you can see all the topics such as Labor force payroll payments or moneying technical assistance demands connected to your papaya account and

How to Pay Employees – Payroll & Payments

Integrations to submit a request click the appropriate topic and subtopic and a type will open make certain you carefully pick the relevant subject and subtopic to ensure we direct it to the relevant papaya professional fill the form with as numerous details as possible to allow us to handle the request in a fast and effective method now that the demand has been sent the papaya team is on it and we’ll update you as quickly as possible if you can not discover a relevant subject you can constantly utilize the request system to send a request straight to your account supervisor by clicking contact us at the bottom of the window you will receive a notification email on your request’s

 

creation if any additional details is required and conclusion your demands are available for your View using the your demand button when picked you will be directed to the papaya demand portal in this portal you can see all demands open through the papaya platform and their status users with a finance supervisor role can view all the demands open for the organization including demands opened by workers through the papaya individual you can interact with our specialists using the portal or through the mail all interaction will be readily available for seeing on the portal of your demands

Wire transfer
A wire transfer is an electronic transfer of funds from one bank account to another. When used for cross-border payments, it involves the movement of funds between accounts held at different financial institutions in different nations. The sender will need information such as the getting bank’s name, address, and bank identifier (routing number, IBAN, or SWIFT code).

In numerous cross-border deals, particularly those including various currencies, intermediary banks might be involved to assist in the transfer between the sender’s bank and the recipient’s bank. The time it takes for a wire transfer to be finished can differ, depending on elements such as the banks included, the nations of the sender and recipient, and the participation of intermediary banks.

Wire transfers may lead to charges for both the sender and the recipient. These charges might incorporate deal charges, charges for currency conversion, and costs for intermediary. Wire transfers are normally deemed to be safe, as they entail direct transfers in between financial institutions.

International wire transfers.
This global payment approach can exchange funds instantly however includes high service transfer charges of over $50. For a $500 wire transfer, a $50 charge would be 10% of the overall transfer. For significant transfers, a $50 cost might make more sense.

Typically however, wire transfers are not useful for large transfer volumes due to pricey transaction fees. They also lack traceability. As routing rules differ from country to nation, wire transfers are not the most efficient service for worldwide business-to-business (B2B) transactions.

choose Worker Payment Type
Salary Pay
A set type of compensation that is paid routinely to proficient and/or full-time staff members, in addition to those in supervisory roles.

Per hour Pay
When staff members are paid hourly for their work. This payment alternative is often offered to unskilled/semi-skilled workers, part-time short-lived, or contract workers.

Commission
Workers working in sales frequently deal with commission, a type of settlement based upon a fixed sales target/quota.

International AHC
Likewise called Worldwide ACH, a worldwide ACH is an easy way to pay abroad suppliers and affiliates. Worldwide ACH payments can be made through different entities, including SEPA, BACS, and banks. They are an affordable and hassle-free choice. The drawback to Global ACH payments is that it’s time time-intensive. Transfers can take days to procedure. ACH payments are perfect for big volumes of payment routinely.

What is an Employer of Record? Papaya Global Vs Workday

Companies should have the payee’s International Checking account Number (IBAN) and other account info to finish the process.

Worker Taxes and Deductions Computation
Staff members should submit some forms, like the W-4 (which displays just how much money to withhold from a worker’s incomes for taxes) and an I-9 (confirms the identity of your staff member and work authorization), in order for you to process payroll.

Now there’s a couple of actions to computing staff member taxes. First, you’ll need to figure out their gross pay. Estimations vary in between various types of staff members (per hour, employed, or commission).

To compute a salaried staff member’s gross pay, take the number of pay periods in a year and divide it by your staff member’s yearly salary.
Then, see if your employee has pre-tax reductions. If so, take the pre-tax reductions and deduct them from gross pay.

Now you compute the tax withholding from your worker’s incomes, which includes federal earnings taxes, FICA taxes (consists of Social Security and Medicare), state and local earnings taxes (if applicable), and state-specific taxes. (Remember to likewise pay employer’s taxes on your employees’ income).

Try not to worry about doing mathematics all on your own, there’s lots of accounting software application out there to do the heavy lifting.

Payroll cards
Payroll cards are pre-paid cards released by companies to their workers as a technique of paying out wages. While payroll cards are not naturally design Cross border deal ed for cross-border payments, they can be utilized in a cross-border context when released by global card networks such as Visa and Mastercard.

Payroll cards function likewise to debit cards; workers can use them to make purchases, withdraw cash from ATMs, and carry out other monetary transactions. If employees utilize their payroll card in a nation with a various currency from where it was issued, the card may instantly carry out currency conversion at prevailing currency exchange rate.

While payroll cards can help with cross-border deals, there are factors to consider such as foreign transaction costs, currency conversion fees, and constraints on international use. Staff members must know these aspects to make educated choices about utilizing their payroll cards abroad.

A worldwide bank draft is a payment instrument provided by a bank for the payer. The recipient can transfer the bank draft at any bank, comparable to a cashier’s check. It is typically used for global payments, especially for considerable deals like real estate acquisitions, tuition charges, or other high-value cross-border deals that demand a secure and assured payment approach.

Usually, a consumer who needs to make a payment in a foreign currency requests a global bank draft from their bank. The customer pays the equivalent quantity in their local currency to the bank, plus any applicable costs. This amount is used to secure the global bank draft.

The bank issues an international bank draft– a document looking like a check. International bank drafts frequently include security features such as watermarks, holograms, and other steps to prevent forgery and make sure the file’s credibility. The funds are credited to the payee’s account after the draft is cleared.

E-wallets
E-wallets, or electronic wallets, have ended up being a popular and practical cross-border payment method in the digital period. An e-wallet is a digital account that allows users to shop, manage, and negotiate funds electronically.

To establish an account with an e-wallet service, people need to share individual information and connect their savings account, credit/debit cards, to the e-wallet. When making cross-border payments through an e-wallet users should initially deposit funds into their e-wallet accounts. This can be accomplished by transferring funds from their connected bank accounts, making use of credit/debit cards, or from fellow users.

Many e-wallets support multiple currencies, permitting users to hold balances in different denominations. E-wallets employ various security steps to secure user accounts and transactions. This may consist of two-factor authentication, file encryption, and scams detection systems to make sure the security of funds during cross-border transfers.

Paypal
PayPal is convenient, but there are a couple of noteworthy drawbacks: 1. They have high transaction costs 2. There is no policy on how funds are held. One payment could clear instantly, while another of the very same caliber might take numerous days. PayPal payments in between the sender’s and recipient’s wallets might require the recipient to make a transfer to a regional bank account.

In 2023, an Opposition, Grey, and Christmas study found that only 1.6% of task applicants transferred for their brand-new position.

According to the survey, these are the lowest moving levels for any quarter because 1986, however that doesn’t suggest specialists aren’t thinking about global mobility.

Wakefield Research for Graebel Companies Inc reported that 59% of employees said they were more happy to transfer for work in 2021 than in previous years, with 31% going to transfer globally.

The gap in relocation numbers and those thinking about moving could be discussed by company moving policies.

What is a company relocation policy?
A relocation policy or a business moving policy is an employer-sponsored advantage package that covers the monetary and logistical aspects that help staff members flawlessly move for work. Employers might transfer employees to establish brand-new workplaces to support their growth.

A corporate relocation policy might cover legal, financial, cultural, and interaction aspects.

Companies typically have specific objectives they want to accomplish through their corporate relocation policy. This is various from a work-from-anywhere (WFA) policy, where employees pick to work in a various location for individual reasons, such as improved happiness or monetary reasons.

In addition, WFA policies don’t usually consist of company-provided benefits, where moving policies may.

With workers willing to relocate, organizations might want to create or revisit their company moving policies to ensure it consists of essential elements that protect companies and employees.

What are the essential components of an extensive moving policy?
A detailed company relocation policy will cover elements such as scope, eligibility, benefits, expenses, return date, and so on. See listed below for a breakdown of the most important aspects to describe:

Purpose and scope: clearly articulates why the policy exists and whom it covers
Eligibility criteria: defines which staff members qualify for moving assistance
Moving advantages: details the assistance and services offered (ex. moving expenses, housing help, travel allowances and more).
Expense coverage: defines what costs the company covers and any limitations or caps.
Duration of advantages: stipulates how long the benefits last post-relocation.
Return obligations: information any commitments the staff member should fulfill if they leave the company after relocation.
Claims: covers how staff members can declare relocation benefits.
Loss of reimbursement rights: covers whether employees lose moving compensation rights throughout dismissal or voluntary termination.
Non-reimbursable expenses: lists any expenses the company will not cover.
Moving assistance: info the company provides on the new place.

Household employment assistance: a prepare for how the business will help staff members’ family members discover work.
Repayment: defines whether workers must pay the business back if they leave the company within a specific timeframe.

Beyond setting expectations around eligibility, duties, and financial resources, improving a moving policy offers extra favorable results. Papaya Global Vs Workday

Paper checks.
When an international affiliate can not offer bank routing info, entities can utilize paper look for global money transfers. Senders will need the payee’s name and address for mailing.Getting rid of failed payments.

One such option is Papaya Global. The only unified payroll and payments platform, Papaya established the very first innovation clearly developed for paying workers throughout borders: the Labor force Wallet. Supporting all employment classifications– payroll, EOR, and professionals– the Workforce Wallet speeds up payment processing by 80%, boasts a 95% same-day shipment rate, and reduces failed payments to less than 0.1%.

Papaya’s success in eliminating stopped working payments arises from decreasing manual procedures to the bare minimum. It starts with our AI-powered HCM Cloud Port. This advanced tool enables clients to incorporate information from any system in an hour (!) and link it all under one control panel, which works as the heart of your labor force payments operation.

Our numbers speak louder than words:.

By incorporating payroll and payments into a single system, automation can be accomplished from start to finish, leading to significant time savings and reduced manual work. The platform makes it possible for real-time synchronization of payment details, immediately upgrading modifications such as beneficiary name or address information, therefore getting rid of redundant actions, stream need for manual intervention. This integration has led to notable improvements, consisting of a 90% reduction in data processing time, a 30% decrease in payroll processing time, and a 95% decline in manual information synchronization.

“In a climate where companies require their money to work harder than ever,” concluded LexisNexis Risk Solutions’ Metzger, “Organizations anticipate the payments operate to contribute greater tactical value at the enterprise level by assisting extend capital performance.” Elevating the performance of your labor force payments– the greatest expense at most companies– would be a great start.